Paget's disease scintgraphy and hormonal treatment

Pagetr's Disease is an intense osteoclastic resorption of bone followed by intense osteoblastic activity accompanied by intense vascularity replacement of normal lamellar bone with connective tissue with a significant in mature collagen content and subperiosteal new bone formation resulting in the characteristic cortical thickening. Pagefs disease can cause pain in the bones or joints, headaches and hearing loss, pressure on nerves, increased head size, bowing of limb, or curvature of spine. Tests used to diagnose Paget's disease include X-ray, blood and urine tests and bone scanning. The recommended treatment, in addition to receiving 1000-1500 mg of calcium, adequate sunshine, ca400 units of vitamin D daily, are the bisphosphonates and calcitouin which need to be monitored by hormonal analysis within the treatment period, also serum alkaline phosphatase [SAP] level in the blood is important in monitoring the progress of treatment

neuro - cardiac hormone B- type natriuretic peptide [B.N.P] and cardiac dysfunction

B-type natruretic peptide [B.N.P] is cardiac neurohornone specifically secreted from the ventricles in response to volume expansion and pressure overload. Levels of [B.N.P] are elevated in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. B.N.P testing is best used as a rule out test, for suspected cases of new heart failure in breathless patients. as a matter of fact it is not a replacement for echocardiography and full cardiological assessment. which will be required for patients with an elevated BNP concentration. B.N.P levels rise with age and are affected by gender, drug therapy such as diuretics, beta-blockers and renal failure, it can not stand alone as a diagnostic test, physical examination and chest X-ray and ECG should be globically studied. The importance of this study in heart failure practice are: diagnosis, screenings of asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction, risk stratification, prognostification, and treatment monitoring

Parkinson's disease diagnosis and impact on hormonal level

Functional imaging of the dopamine transporter [DAT] defines integrity of the dopaminergic system and has its main clinical application in patients with mild, incomplete, or uncertain parkinsonism. The radiopharmaceutical, DaTSCAN uses an iodine containing compound [ioflupane 123]. When injected into the bloodstream, it passes through the blood brain barrier and becomes attached to dopamine transporters in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system [i.e. that system which has degenerated in Parkinson's with consequent reduction of dopamine production]. Parkinson's is characterized by severe loss of dopamine neurons and dopamine transports associated with them. Differenciation between [P.D.] and Essential Tremor [E T] is explained, with the impact of [P D] on hormonal level

Prostate cancer in Egypt statistics, diagnosis and follow-up

Prostatic specific antigen [PSA] and testosterone [T] level in the blood are the two reliable factors for the detection and treatment monitoring of the prostatic cancer. Then, bone scan plays a role in assuring the number and place of tumor bone lesions. The reasons for the non-reality of statistics in Egypt are mentioned. Surgical castration in mass therapy is more preferable than chemical castration from the economical point of view. Scintigraphy of prostate cancer patients was done showing the different lesions in bones

Semen Progesterone level in azoospermic patients

The ratio of testosterone [T] to progesterone [P] in normal healthy volunteers was found to be more than 1; while, for infertile azoospermic patients, it was found to be less than 1. The significant correlation between T/P ratio in normal and azoospermic patients emphasizes the role of P in infertility; in addition it provides another concrete evidence in rape crimes when the accused person is azoospermic